POLITICAL CHALLENGES OF THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY IN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of democratization in Latin American countries. The main features of the political transition to democracy in Chile, Brazil, and Argentina are analyzed. A promising research vector is presented for determining the achievements and challenges that remain in the field of key factors of Chile's transition to democracy, that is, in the search for truth, memory, reparation, justice, and guarantees of non-repetition. It is noted that the main task is the changes, transformations, and reforms that are taking place in the political life of the countries of the region. This analytical matrix can be useful for conducting assessments and developing strategic political planning in other countries that seek to move towards full democracy. The features of the democratization policy of countries are studied. It is proved that in order for human rights not to be violated, it is necessary to identify and understand the main lessons of mistakes, continue to promote legal, political, and institutional changes within the framework of the transition process. It is argued that, in the internal process, alongside the recognition of victims, the main challenge that remains is the development of a democratic culture committed to the rule of law and respect for human rights in all sectors of society.