RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF POLITICAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE PRC AND THE USA (1949-2024)

Abstract

This article presents a retrospective analysis of the evolution and changes in political relations between the People’s Republic of China and the United States of America between 1949 and 2024. Key episodes such as the establishment of the PRC in 1949, its subsequent tensions with the US during the Cold War and the normalization of diplomatic relations after President Nixon’s visit to China in 1972 are highlighted. The impact of the events on Tiananmen Square in 1989 and the worsening of Sino-American relations, which led to the introduction of international sanctions, are analyzed. China’s economic reforms under Deng Xiaoping, which opened the country to foreign investment and significantly expanded economic ties with the United States are explained. It is well-founded that China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 became a key moment in Sino-American relations, the latter country becoming deeply economically interdependent. The development of Sino-American relations during the presidencies of Barack Obama, Donald Trump and Joe Biden is examined, focusing on issues such as the trade war and the development of certain Trump competitive strategies against China against the background of China’s political and economic presence in the world. It is proved that, despite persistent political and ideological differences, both countries maintain a complex but important relationship characterized by both cooperation and competition on the global stage.